What are the two types of proteins generated by translocation into the ER?

Translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a crucial step in the process of protein synthesis and sorting within the cell. The two main types of proteins that are generated during this process are soluble proteins and integral membrane proteins.

Soluble proteins are synthesized in the ER lumen and are typically secreted from the cell or sent to lysosomes or other organelles. During translocation, these proteins are completely translocated into the ER lumen, where they can fold and acquire the necessary modifications for their function.

Integral membrane proteins, on the other hand, are partially translocated into the ER membrane. These proteins have hydrophobic regions that span the lipid bilayer, allowing them to integrate into the membrane. This integration is vital for their roles in cell signaling, transport, and as receptors.

Thus, the correct reference to the types of proteins generated through the process of translocation into the ER is indeed soluble proteins and integral membrane proteins, highlighting the dual pathways of protein localization within a eukaryotic cell.